Table A7.4: Time to TIP criminalization: US pressure (trade).
|
| Time to TIP criminalization |
| |
| Model 7.4.1 | Model 7.4.2 | Model 7.4.3 | Model 7.4.4 | Model 7.4.5 |
|
US pressure | 2.798*** | 3.381*** | 1.389 | 4.212*** | 3.996 |
| (0.747) | (0.861) | (0.813) | (1.318) | (4.882) |
Share of women in parliament | 1.028*** | 1.026*** | 1.025*** | 1.027*** | 1.026*** |
| (0.009) | (0.009) | (0.008) | (0.009) | (0.008) |
Worse civil liberties | 0.828*** | 0.790*** | 0.813*** | 0.780*** | 0.796*** |
| (0.056) | (0.053) | (0.052) | (0.053) | (0.055) |
Regional density of criminalization | 7.143*** | 6.794*** | 7.147*** | 7.131*** | 7.035*** |
| (3.570) | (3.337) | (3.494) | (3.615) | (3.568) |
2000 TIP protocol ratification | 1.781** | 1.825** | 1.922** | 1.852** | 1.869** |
| (0.456) | (0.455) | (0.511) | (0.449) | (0.464) |
Missing information (t−2) | 1.061 | 1.106 | 1.096 | 1.068 | 1.111 |
| (0.088) | (0.085) | (0.083) | (0.084) | (0.095) |
US trade as share of GDP (logged) | 0.143 | | | | |
| (0.247) | | | | |
US trade as share of GDP (logged) × US pressure | 10.612 | | | | |
| (22.155) | | | | |
Has BIT with US | | 1.039 | | | |
| | (0.345) | | | |
Has BIT with US × US pressure | | 1.132 | | | |
| | (0.459) | | | |
US military aid (logged) | | | 0.972 | | |
| | | (0.022) | | |
US military aid (logged) × US pressure | | | 1.073* | | |
| | | (0.043) | | |
FDI from US (logged) | | | | 0.996 | |
| | | | (0.014) | |
FDI from US (logged) × US pressure | | | | 0.984 | |
| | | | (0.020) | |
Imports to US (logged) | | | | | 1.014 |
| | | | | (0.060) |
Imports to US (logged) × US pressure | | | | | 0.993 |
| | | | | (0.061) |
|
Number of countries | 140 | 152 | 152 | 152 | 152 |
Number of criminalizations | 101 | 107 | 107 | 107 | 107 |
Observations | 1,270 | 1,392 | 1,392 | 1,392 | 1,392 |
|
Notes: | *p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01 |
| Robust standard errors in parentheses. All explanatory variables are lagged one period unless otherwise noted. |