Table A7.3: Time to TIP criminalization: US pressure (aid).
Time to TIP criminalization
Model 7.3.1Model 7.3.2Model 7.3.3Model 7.3.4Model 7.3.5Model 7.3.6
US pressure1.1403.254***3.994***2.1903.555***4.850***
(1.128)(0.741)(0.880)(2.942)(0.880)(1.244)
Share of women in parliament1.021**1.025***1.026***1.0121.0131.016
(0.009)(0.009)(0.008)(0.010)(0.010)(0.010)
Worse civil liberties0.823***0.784***0.804***0.816***0.840**0.851**
(0.057)(0.054)(0.054)(0.062)(0.064)(0.063)
Regional density of criminalization6.335***7.212***7.217***5.742***5.489***5.891***
(3.076)(3.593)(3.652)(2.963)(2.885)(3.099)
2000 TIP protocol ratification2.164***1.900***1.907***1.906**2.078***2.039**
(0.564)(0.462)(0.461)(0.531)(0.584)(0.569)
Missing information (t−2)1.0791.0871.0971.150*1.0691.072
(0.085)(0.084)(0.084)(0.097)(0.090)(0.090)
US aid (logged)0.960**1.070
(0.018)(0.061)
US aid × US pressure1.0741.030
(0.064)(0.082)
US aid as share of GDP (logged)0.9980.999
(0.003)(0.003)
US aid as share of GDP × US pressure1.0121.009
(0.008)(0.008)
US aid as share of total aid (logged)0.8313.196
(0.537)(2.408)
US aid as share of total aid (logged) × US pressure0.2310.070*
(0.303)(0.095)
Number of countries152150152132130132
Number of criminalizations107105107868486
OECD DAC eligible countries onlyNoNoNoYesYesYes
Observations1,3921,3731,3921,2751,2571,275
Notes:*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01
Robust standard errors in parentheses. All explanatory variables are lagged one period unless otherwise noted.